dewey



(No Model.)

M. W. DEWEY.

ELECTED HARMONIG TELBGRAPHY.

No. 395,613. Patented Jan. 1, 1889.

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MARK \V. DEIVEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF TlYO-THIRDS 'FOEMIL LAASS AND CHARLES H. DUELL, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRO-HARIVIONIC TELEG RAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,613, dated January1, 18 89. Application filed November 21, 1387. Serial No. 255,694. (Nomodeld To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MARK \V. DEWEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Electro-H'armonic Telegraphy, of which the following,taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear,and exact description.

My invention relates to a system of telegraphy wherein pulsations orwaves of different lengths are transmitted, either separately orsimultaneously, through a single wire, and has for its object toincrease the speed of telegraphic transmission of signals withoutmaterially increasing the expense of supporting such system.

In the common transmission of signals through a telegraphic circuit itis a wellknown fact that both with the needle-telegraph and the Morseinstrument it is necessary to depress a key several times at thetransmitting-station, sending currents to line differing in length ofduration or changes in polarity, in order to indicate or record aletter, or character representing a letter, at the receivingstation.This consumes a great deal of time, and it takes but a small amount ofbusin to keep a wire occupied continually, and necessitates theemployment of several wires, or a duplex or n'iulti 'ilcx system, whichrequires the services of several opera-tors. By myimproved system oneoperator is enabled to send a message in one-fourth or one-fifth of thetime that would be occupied in sending the same by the old method, orone operator may transmit as fast as four or iive using a multiplexsystem.

In the Morse system the letters that are used most are made by a fewernumber of depressions of the key than others in order to get greaterspeed. The letter e, occurring ottener than any other, is representedsimply by a dot, which is made by a very short depression of the key.The other lett rs and marks are each made .in ihe time occupied inmaking from two to eight such simple signs. Now, it may be readilyumlcrstood that if every letter is made as quickly as the letter e(represented by a dot) at great speed can be attained.

The object of my invention is to attain this speed of telegraphy bymeans of a single linewire and a minimum number of transmitters andreeds; and to that end my invention consists in the combination, withthe electro-harmonic system, of a series of cooperating manipulativetransmitting-keys arranged to be operated by one operator, and acorresponding number of recording-levers operated by the respective keysand arranged with their markers in a row at right angles to the line oftravel of the paper to print simultaneously side by side and in rows atright angles to the line of travel of the paper, each of said rows ofmarks representing a letter or character, all as hereinafter more fullydescribed, and specifically set forth in the claim.

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams showing thearrangement of circuits. Fig. 1 shows only one key, K, of the serieslocated at the transmitting-station, and one recording-lever of theseries at the receiving-station. Fig. 2 is a similar arrange mentadapted to transmit impulses of an undulatory character. In this figureat the station on the right both atransmittingkey and a recording-leverare shown. It will be understood of course that a transmitting apparatushaving several keys and a receiving-instrument having a correspondingnumber of re cording-levers may be located at all stations. Fig. 3 is aplan view of Fig. 2, showing five keys, a corresponding number oftransmitting-reeds, receiving-reeds, and recording-levers, and alsoillustrating the style of record ing produced, the marks or dots on thestrip of paper a representing the word telegraph, as shown and Fig. eshows a modification of the arrangement of the magnet and its armaturein relation to themarking-lever actuated thereby.

In the figures, T represents the transmitting-reed, five of which may beemployed in a transmitting apparatus, each of said reeds possessing adifferent degree of flexibility, and consequently a different rate ofvibration when actuated by electro-magnets, said magnets being in alocalcircuit and controlled by keys in a well-known manner. The apparatus maybe arranged to produce by means of the aforesaid. reeds either pulsatoryor undu- IOO latory currents to how to line, which operate reeds at thereceiving-station corresponding in number and possessing correspondingdegrees of flexibility with those at the transmitting-station. Thereceiving-reeds or analyzers R rest normally against circuit-breakers I,and when a reed vibrates it breaks a local circuit, of which I; denotesthe battery. In this local circuit is a magnet, m, which, when thecircuit is closed, attracts its armature, which is fixed to a lever, L,holding a pen or pencil or other marker, P, in one end. \Vhile in thisposition the marker is held in proX- imity to but free from a rotarycylinder, over which passes a paper ribbon. The cylinder may be rotatedby clock-work or other suitable means and either eontinuousl y orintermittently. \Vhen the circuit is broken, the magnet allows the leverL to bring the marker P in contact with the paper, and it the latter isat rest a dot is produced thereon, and if in motion a dash is producedon the same. I employ four or more of such keys and recording-levers,which latter I arrange with their markers in a row at right angles tothe line of travel of the paper, and thus when two or more of therecording-levers are operated simultaneously to print the requisitenumber of marks to represent the desired letter or character, said marksare distributed side by side in a row across the paper. The number oftransmitting-keys and recording-levers de pends on the code of printingadopted.

I11 Fig. 1 each transmitting-reed T is connected with the main line M L,and preferably with a separate battery connected with said line. Thetransmitting-reed T is arranged between two magnets, M M, which areconnected with the local battery L B, with which the key K is alsoconnected, and a smooth current passes continually to line when all thetransmitters are quiet; but when one or more of them are vibratedaportion orportions oi. the current are changed to what is termedpulsatory currents. These pulsations pass through the recciving-magnet-sM, placed close to reeds R, which may be either bars or ribbons adaptedto vibrate to the same degree as the transmitting-reed T.

In Fig. 2 both the transmitting and receiving reeds are fixed to theuncovered leg cl of one of the electroanagnets between which the reed Tis located, and through which magnet a local current passes when, thekey K is depressed to close the local circuit. This causes the reed tovibrate according to the degree of flexibility it possesses, and in itsvibration it comes intermittently in proximity to the pole of the magnetM, which is connected with. the main line and is charged continually bya battery, M B. The vibration of the reed T in this case inducespulsations or waves of an undulatory character in the main line,operating the reeds R at the receiving-station correspondingly. The sameresult may be obtained without the employment of a battery for the mainline by substituting a permanent magnet for the core of theelectro-magnet M.

The described transmitting and receiving instruments maybe arranged atboth ends of the main line. l'iy operating one or more keyssimultaneously a single mark or a combination of marks are produced,each of said combinations representing a separate and distinct letter orcharacter, and thus with five keys thirty-one different letters orcharacters can be printed. In the diagram, Fig. 3, five keys, K K, andfive marking-levers, L L, are shown.

hat I claim is In an electro-harmonic system, a plurality ofmanipulative transmitters arranged to be operated either separately ortwo or more simultaneously by one person, and a corresponding number ofprinters or markers actuated, respectively, by the aforesaidtransmitters and arranged at right angles to the line of travel of thepaper, and to produce by the simultan eons action of two or more of saidprinters or markers a corresponding number of marks in a row at rightangles to the travel of the paper, and the row of marks so disposedrepresentin a letter or character, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name, in the presence oftwo witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State ofNew York, this 18th day of November, 1887 I MARK \V. DE WEY. [L. s]

\Vitncsses:

0. L. BENDIXON, N. M. SEAMANS.

